Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure where the vitreous humor gel that fills the eye cavity is partially or fully removed allowing a variety of repairs in the vitreous and retina such as treatment of vitreous hemorrhage, proliferative retinopathy, complicated retinal detachment, intraocular inflammation, etc.

Scleral buckling is a surgical procedure – one of the treatment options to repair a retinal detachment by removing the detached humor under the retina, then placing a small band or buckle around the outside of the eyeball to push the sclera toward the retinal tear and keep the retina in place.

Laser photocoagulation is a procedure which uses laser with wavelengths matching the absorption spectrum of the retinal pigment epithelium to coagulate the cell layers, causing scarring between the choroid and retinal layers. This procedure is often recommended to coagulate the retina degenerated by complications of diabetes or a retinal tear, limiting the risk of retinal detachment, and retinal hemorrhage.

An intravitreal injection is a shot of medicine into the eye. The inside of the eye is filled with a jelly-like fluid (vitreous). During this procedure, doctors will inject medicine into the vitreous, near the retina at the back of the eye. The medicine can treat certain eye problems and help protect your vision. At the Japan International Eye Hospital, this method is most often used for the treatment of many retinal diseases.